The researchers evaluated surveys sent between 2015 and 2023 to patients with severe aplastic anemia who underwent HSCT. Noninfectious pulmonary complications after HSCT for SCD were associated with several transplant-related risk factors. Requiring dialysis before HSCT is associated with “very poor outcomes,” according to the study. A myeloablative conditioning regimen containing thiotepa had promising efficacy and safety in patients with severe SCD. Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and ATG had superior outcomes versus historical outcomes of non-ATG conditioning. Reduction of hemolysis significantly predicted postinfusion transduction efficacy in patients with SCD treated with lovo-cel. Exa-cel eliminated RBC transfusions in patients with transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia. HSCT with a matched unrelated or haploidentical donor was a promising alternative in patients with severe aplastic anemia.